The Flag of Niger (French: drapeau du Niger) has been the national flag of the Republic of the Niger since 1959, a year prior to its formal independence from French West Africa. It uses the national colors of orange, white and green, in equal horizontal bands, with an orange roundel in the center. The flag forms one of the official national symbols of the Republic of the Niger, along with the coat of arms, the National Anthem ("la Nigérienne"), and the national motto: "Fraternité, Travail, Progrès".

Legal definition

Prior to independence from French West Africa, the flag of Niger was adopted by the Territorial Assembly of the Niger Colony on 23 November 1959, shortly before the proclamation of the Republic within the French Community on 18 December 1959. The flag was designed in 1958. It was retained upon independence in 1960 and has remained unchanged through to the 2010 Constitution.

Symbolism

A number of sources have described the symbolic intent of the flag, although official sources have yet to confirm. Common interpretations are that the upper orange band represents the northern regions of the Sahara Desert, or the Sahel, the center white band represents purity, or the Niger River, and the lower green band represents both hope and the fertile regions of southern Niger. The orange disc in the center band is thought to stand for the sun or independence.

Ratio

The flag's traditional portrayal with an unusual 6:7 ratio is of unknown significance and is not used consistently in print applications of the Nigerien government.

• Ratio 2:3

• Ratio 3:5

• Ratio 1:2

Historical flags

Other flags

Military flags

• Flag of the Niger Armed Forces, obverse side

• Flag of the Niger Armed Forces, reverse side

• Flag of the Gendarmerie Nationale

• Flag of the National Police

• Roundel of the Niger Air Force

• Historical roundel of the Niger Air Force (1961-1980)

Ethnic group flags

• Flag of the Hausa people (53.1% of the total population of Niger[lower-alpha 1])

• Flag of the Tuareg people[lower-alpha 2] (11.0% of the total population of Niger[lower-alpha 1])

• Flag of the Kanuri people (5.9% of the total population of Niger[lower-alpha 1])

• Flag of the Toubou people (0.4% of the total population of Niger[lower-alpha 1])

• Flag of Daza-speaking Toubou people

Further reading

• Chaïbou, Maman (2009). "Le drapeau national". Les attributs de la République. Collection Éducation à la citoyenneté (in French). Vol. v.3. Niamey, Niger. OCLC 656089538.

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